The Islamic nation was a reality and has become an illusion! This is what the enemies of this nation claim. This study, however, proves that Muslims constitute a nation in every sense of the word, based on religious, historical, geographical, and practical logic, and even according to the logic of others. It demonstrates that it is a nation comprised of diverse peoples, and that the current disunity among Muslims is not evidence that they are not a nation. The study refutes this misconception and outlines the necessary conditions for the success of the project of the Islamic nation.